Among many tribes, including Lakota, the Great Horned Owl and the Screech Owl were believed to be the most dangerous owls. Both of these owls, hiŋháŋ have “horns” or plumicorns (feather tufts) on the top of their heads. In some tribal cultures, horns are believed to...
The fox, šunğíla was also thought of as a medicine animal and had the power to reveal locations of herbs needed by the medicine man. The fox shared expertise on how to swiftly escape enemies. It taught men how to travel through dangerous territory and to understand...
The elk, heȟáka have strength, speed, and courage. The elk’s ability to maneuver massive antlers that can be six feet wide through dense foliage is amazing and graceful. Beauty, gallantry, and protection became the emblems of the elk. The Oglala admired the elk’s...
The waŋblí — eagle — is an important winged symbol for the Lakota people. The eagle is the strongest and bravest of all birds. For this reason, Native Americans have chosen the eagle and its feathers as a symbol of what is highest, bravest, strongest, and holiest. In...
Deerskins were highly prized for use in clothing and they make a tasty meal, but hunting deer wasn’t always easy. They have an excellent sense of smell and can see for more than a mile. These qualities, along with a swift stride and the ability to hide and endure...
